ules Varma is Commercialisation Officer at the European Space Agency (D-CIP), where he leads financial viability and business plan assessments for ESA public-private partnership projects and structures debt and hybrid financing instruments for the European space sector. He previously served as Associate Investment Officer in the European Investment Bank's Security and Defence Office and spent three and a half years at the European Space Policy Institute in Vienna, latterly as Fellow and Lead on Industry and Finance. He is also Adjunct Professor at IE School of Politics, Economics & Global Affairs, teaching Space Business and Economy on the Master of International Relations. He holds a degree from UCL and is based in Paris.